Water StorageWater Storage: Water is found in abundance on planet Earth. It is a chemical compound made up of the elements hydrogen and oxygen and can be found in liquid, solid, and gaseous states. In its liquid form, water is our greatest natural resource. This tasteless, odorless, colorless substance is essential to all life. It is not surprising then that water storage has always been important to civilization. Why do we store water?There are as many reasons for storing water as there are for using water. Because water is so essential to our existence, it is crucial that we never run out.Mankind has known this since the dawn of time. That is why early civilizations grew up on the banks of rivers. In areas where periods of drought occurred, people had to find a way to save water. We store water because we need water. How do we use water?Estimates on the average amount of water used in the U.S. today range from 70 – 200 gallons per person per day. These estimates include water for drinking and cooking, hygiene and cleaning. Water is also used in industry and agriculture. The quality of water necessary varies according to the particular use.Drinking water must meet the highest standards. Having safe drinking water is of utmost importance to all communities. The Safe Drinking Water Act was passed by Congress in 1974. The Environmental Protection Agency sets standards for water contaminate levels as well as color, taste, and odor. Utility water, used for irrigation of crops and watering gardens and lawns for example, does not need to meet the same standards. How can we use save and use rainwater?In an effort to conserve water, many people are investigating ways to save and store rainwater.Rainwater harvesting has been practiced for thousands of years. It involves accumulating or gathering rainwater. This water can then be used for irrigation or livestock. Cisterns are types of containers used to harvest rainwater. They can be found in areas where water is scarce, but needed for irrigation. Where can water be stored?There are many different alternatives for storing water.Bulk storage tanks are available in many different shapes and sizes. They are made from a variety of materials and can be customized to meet particular needs. Many people store water in fish ponds and use it for crops or livestock. Pond water would not be safe for human consumption, but can be very useful on a farm during a period of drought. Water For Emergency StorageThere are times when a source of emergency water is needed.Government agencies advise people to have on hand an emergency supply of stored drinking water. Two gallons per person per day is the recommended amount. In emergency situations, water from water heaters, swimming pools, and fish ponds can be used. Although this water would need to be treated and filtered before drinking, it could be used for other purposes. Water storage is also critical to the military and its operations. A wide variety of water storage devices can be found on military installations. Providing safe drinking water to troops, wherever they may be, is essential. What Is Wastewater?Wastewater is the water that we use and send down the drain and into the sewer.It is runoff contaminated by fertilizers in the soil. It is water that has been used in industry. Whether from residential or commercial sources, wastewater needs to be treated and cleaned so that it can be sent back into the environment. Water treatment plants have large water storage tanks to aid them in the process of reclaiming the water.
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